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The most commonly used measure of stress is the Cauchy stress tensor, often called simply ''the'' stress tensor or "true stress". However, several other measures of stress can be defined.〔J. Bonet and R. W. Wood, ''Nonlinear Continuum Mechanics for Finite Element Analysis'', Cambridge University Press.〕〔 R. W. Ogden, 1984, ''Non-linear Elastic Deformations'', Dover.〕〔 L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, ''Theory of Elasticity'', third edition〕 Some such stress measures that are widely used in continuum mechanics, particularly in the computational context, are: #The Kirchhoff stress (). #The Nominal stress (). #The first Piola-Kirchhoff stress (). This stress tensor is the transpose of the nominal stress (). #The second Piola-Kirchhoff stress or PK2 stress (). #The Biot stress () == Definitions of stress measures == Consider the situation shown the following figure. The following definitions use the notations shown in the figure. In the reference configuration , the outward normal to a surface element is and the traction acting on that surface is leading to a force vector . In the deformed configuration , the surface element changes to with outward normal and traction vector leading to a force . Note that this surface can either be a hypothetical cut inside the body or an actual surface. The quantity is the deformation gradient tensor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「stress measures」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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